Electrical precipitator



Feb. 23, 1932.

C- H. WEISKOPF ELECTRICAL PREGIPITATOR Filed Jan. 20, 1931 5Sheets-Sheet l INIZENT OR.

'- Charles H. Weisapf g 1 BY Mp4 agar/I'll A TTOR E YS.

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INVENTOR. Charles 2% Wake/rapt, BY MW, dm A W f9 ATTORNEYS.

Feb. 23, 1932. c. H. WEISKOPF ELECTRICAL PRECIFITATOR Filed Jan. 20,1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR- C/Iarles lfi Wez'skopfi #6 TTORN 8.

other suitable cross-section,

Patented Feb. 23, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE- UHABLES H.WELSKO'PF, OF HAWTHORNE, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO INTERNATIONALPRECIPITATION COMPANY, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION OFCALIFORNIA.

ELECTRICAL PRECIPITATOR Application filed January 20, 1931. Serial No.510,019.

This invention relates to means for precipitating suspended particlesfrom gases by electrical action, and the main ObJGCt of the invention isto provide in such apparatus, electrode means adapted to withstand cons1derable changes in temperature without in ury to the apparatus.

llhe invention relates particularly to electrical precipitator apparatusof the so-called rod curtain type in which the collectlng electrodes arecomposed of parallel rods or similar members arranged sufiiciently closeto provide for the requisite continuity of-the electrical field. Suchconstruction has certain advantages in case and economy of assembly,minimum weight and cost of the collecting electrodes, and comparativefreedom from difficulties due to warping strains incident to changes intemperature. With the constructions heretofore in use, however, thereremains some liability of warping by reason of the longitudinalexpansion of the rods. A further object of the invention is to providefor mounting these rods in such manner as to substantially eliminate anyliability to buckling of the rods due to changes in temperature.

The invention also comprises improved means for mounting the dischargeelectrodes 01 the precipitator.

The term red as used herein and in the appended claims is to beunderstood as including any solid rod or hollow rod, such as pipe ortubing, of either round, square or any and either plain,

' twisted or otherwise shaped, and in general any elongated memberextending generally in a straight line and of sufiicient rigidity tohang substantially straight by its own weight, when suspended verticallyfrom its upper end, without requiring the use of a tensioning weight atits lower end.

The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of this invention andreferring thereto:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of an apparatus embodying this invention,the left portion thereof being taken on line 1a1a, and the right portionon line 1b-1b, in Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on line 2-2 in Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on line 3-3 in Fig. 2.

Fig. 1 is a section on Fig. 5 is a section on line 5-5 in Fig 4. Fig. 6is a section on line 6-6 in Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a section on line 7-7 inFig. 2. Fig. 8 is a section on line 8-8 in Fig. 1. Fig. 9 is a sectionon line 9--9 in Fig. 1. Fig. 10 is a section on line 10-1O in Fig. 2.The precipitator comprises enclosing chamber or housing 1 defining ahorizontal passage through which the gases to be treated are passed,said passages communicating with an inlet means 2 and an outlet means 3(see Fig. 3), and suitable hopper means 4 are provided at the bottom ofthe precipitator chamber for receiving the collected material. Withinthe chamber 1 are mounted the collecting electrodes and dischargeelectrodes arranged in alternate series in such manner that the gas tobe treated passes between the discharge and collecting electrodes. Eachcollecting electrode consists of a plurality of vertical rods, bars ortubes 6 which extend at their upper ends through perforations in anglebar 7 and are provided with heads 8 resting on said angle bar so as tosupport the rods. In the left half of Fig. 2 the rods 6 are omitted, inorder to more clearly show the position of the discharge electrodemembers. Each angle bar 7 is mounted on its ends upon supporting beams 9extending transversely above the preci itator chamber. For this purposethe angle ams 7 for two adjacent rows of rods 6 may be connected attheir ends by saddle plates 10 resting on lugs 13 on said beams 9 sothat the electrode supporting beams 7 rest freely on the beams 9 but areheld against lateral displacement.

The collecting electrode rods are maintained in proper spaced positionby spacing means comprising bottom spacing members such as rods or tubes14 and intermediate spacing members such as rods or tubes 15, therebeing a set of rods or tubes 14 and 15 for each row of rods 6, and therods 6 passing loosely through perforations in the rods or tubes 14 and15. Each intermediate spacline 4-4 in Fig. 1.

ing member 15 is suspended from the to beam 7 for the corresponding rowof 6 by means of vertical rods 16 having heads 17 resting on top of theangle beam 7, said rods 16 extending through the member 15 and havingnuts 18 below and engaging member 15 to sup ort the meinber 15 from themember 7. imilarly, the bottom spacing members 14 may be suspended orhung from the correspondin intermediate members 15 by means of tie oltsor rods 16 extending through members 15 and supported thereon by heads17 and also extending through members 14 and having nuts 18 engagingtherebeneath.

In order to properly space the several rows of rods 6 from one another,transverse spacing rods or tubes 20 and 21 may be provided, members 20extending above the respective members 14 and being connected thereto bypins 22 extending loosely through perforations in members 20 and 14, andmembers 21 resting on the members 15 and being connected thereto by pins23 extending loosely through perforations in members 21 and 15, saidpins 22 and 23 being provided with suitable retaining means such ascotter pins 19 at their upper and lower ends permitting relativevertical movement or play between members 14 and 20, and between members15 and 21, so that the respective members 20 and 21 hold the members 14and 15 with the collecting electrode rods 6 mounted therein in spacedrelation while at the same time free relative vertical movement of saidparts is provided for so as to prevent any strains due to expansion orcontraction by reason of changes in temperature. In this connection itmay be stated that the collecting electrodes are generally made ofmaterial such as steel or iron, which is subject to corrosion in thepresence of moist atmosphere, and for this reason as well as on accountof liability of collection of solid material on the electrodes, there isa tendency in some cases for the vertical collecting electrode rods 6 tobind on or adhere to the spacing members 14 and 15 where they passthrough the same. Moreover, there is generally a tendency for someportions of the collecting electrode, for example, the rods nearer thecenter to become more highly heated than other portions so that in thecase of such binding of the rods within the spacing means, the provisionfor free vertical movement of the spacing frames, including longitudinalspacing members 14 and 15 and lateral spacing means 20 and 21, as wellas for relative vertical movement ofthe spacing means 20 and 21 withrespect to the spacing means 14 and 15, enables the various parts toadjust themselves without bringing undue strains thereon.

Plates 24 are adjustably mounted on vertical bafile members 11 adjacenteach side wall of the precipitator chamber, for example,

by bolts 12 engaging in slots 24' in'plates 24 so as to enable saidplates to be properolg adjusted to contact the end tubes or r s 14 and15 so as to hold the entire set of collecting electrodes in pro er.position. Furthermore, the ends of t e ateral spacing members 20 and 21ma project alongside the plates 24 as shown in ig. 7, so as to engagethe sides of said plates and prevent movement of the spacing frame meanslongitudinally of the collecting electrodes.

The discharge electrodes 25 are shown as consisting of rods, forexample, square twisted rods as shown in Figs. 4 and 8, extendingthrough perforations in horizontal supporting rods or tubes 26 which aremounted on cross beams 27, each discharge electrode member 25 beingprovided with an enlargement 25' at its upper end resting on top of thebar 26 to support the member 25 as shown in Fi 4. Pins 28 on the beams27 extend upwar y through openings in the bottom of the respective tubes26 and engage with the top of the tube as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, tosupport the tube and the discharge electrode mounted thereon. The beams27 are supported on horizontal beams 32 by means of a bracket 31 on saidbeams 27, said brackets engaging vertical frame beams 35 connected tobeams 32 so as to hold the beam 27 against lateral displacement, theconstruction being such that the beams 27 are freely mounted on thebeams 32 and the electrode supporting tubes 26 are freely mounted on thebeams 27. The vertical frame bars 35 extend downwardly at each side ofthe precipitator chamber and are connected by cross members 36 and 37respectively at the bottom portion and at an intermediate portion of theprecipitator chamber and carrying spacing bars or tubes 39 and 40through which the discharge electrode rods 25 ass.

The vertical members 35 extend upwardly through passageways 42 in theroof 43 of the precipitator and are mounted at their upper ends onhorizontal beams 44 resting at their ends on insulators 45 which aremounted on the precipitator roof, the said horizontal beams 44 extendingin a chamber 47 above the precipitator chamber and extending at theirends through openings 48-into insulator chambers 49 surrounding therespective insulators. The precipitator roof is provided with removablecover plates 50 permitting access to the interior of the precipitatorand the chambers 47 and 49 are also provided with removable covermembers 53 permitting access thereto.

The loose or free mounting of the electrodes as above describedfacilitates effective jarring thereof. The preferred means for effectingthe jarring of the collecting electrodes comprises pneumatic hammers 55of any suitable construction and connected by suitable piping and valvesto compressed air adapted and supply, means so as to enable operation.and control of said pneumatic hammer devices. Bars are connected toangle beams 7 and extend upwardly through stufling boxes 61 in the roofof the precipitator and are con nected at their upper ends to a yoke bar62' carrying an anvil 63 arranged above the pneumatic hammer 55 so as tobe operated thereby.

The rapping means for the high tension or discharge electrodes comprisespneumatic hammers 67 mounted within the respective chambers 47 andadapted to engage anvil means 68 on the horizontal beam 64 which isconnected at its ends to vertical bars 70 extending through guidemembers 71 on the vertical frame portion 35 aforesaid, said bars 70being connected at their lower ends to the horizontal beams 27 on whichthe discharge electrode suspending rods or tubes 26 are carried.

A conductor 72 in connection with the discharge electrode system isconnected to any suitable source of high tension electric current,preferably rectified in the manner usual in connection with theoperation of electrical precipitators, the collecting electrode systembeing grounded and the operation of the precipitator being effected inthe usual manner of such apparatus.

The precipitator described is especially intended for use in cleaning orremoving dust and fume from gases at high temperature and in suchconnection the described construction has the advantage that the looseconnection between the transverse spacing bars 20 supporting and spacingmembers 14 and 15 by means of pins 22 and 23 provides for free expansionand contraction of the respective parts and thereby obviate danger ofbuckling or undue strain on the parts due to unequal heating and coolingof the collecting electroile members at different portions of theprecipitator chamber.

1 claim:

1. In an electrical precipitator, a collecting electrode constructioncomprising a plurality of horizontal supporting bars, a plurality ofrows of collecting electrode rods or tubes mounted on and suspended fromthe respective horizontal bars and extending vertically downwardtherefrom, spacing members extending longitudinally of each row ofcollecting electrode rods and provided with perforations through whichsaid rods extend, means for suspending said spacing members -from thehorizontal supporting bar for each row of collecting electrode rods anda transverse spacing member at each end of the respective rows ofcollecting electrode rods, said transverse spacing members beingconnected to said longitudinal spacing members by a loose connectionproviding for free relaand 21 and the longitudinal.

tive vertical movement of the purpose set forth.

2. A construction as set forth in claim 1, in which said transversespacing members have openings therein and said longitudinal members areprovided with pins engaging loosely in said openings.

3. A construction as set forth in claim 1 v and comprising in addition,stop members adjustably mounted adjacent the longitudinal spacingmembers for the end rows of collecting electrode rods in position tohold the collecting electroderods in proper position.

4. An electrical precipitator comprising a precipitator chamber providedwith means for passing gas therethrough, discharge and collectingelectrode means mounted therein, the collecting electrode meanscomprising longitudinal supporting members, a row of vertical collectingelectrode rods hung from each of said longitudinal supporting members,longitudinal spacing members hung from the said supporting members andholding the collecting electrode members in spaced relation, transversespacing members connected to said longitudinal spacing members to holdsame'in spaced relation, and bafile means extending vertically adjacentthe end rows of collecting electrodes and stftg; plates adjustablymounted on said be e means and adapted to engage the longitudinalspacing members for the end rows of collecting electrode rods to holdthe collecting electrodes in proper position.

5. In an electrical precipitator, a chamber provided with means forpassing gas therethrough, discharge and collecting electrode meansmounted therein, the discharge electrode means comprising horizontalbeams provided with upwardly extending pins, a plurality of horizontalsupporting members resting on said pins, so as to be loosely mounted onsaid horizontal beams, and a plurality of vertical discharge electrodemembers suspended from each of said horizontal supporting members.

6. In an electrical precipitator, a collecting electrode comprising ahorizontal supporting bar, a plurality of collecting elec-' trode rodsor tubes suspended from said supporting bar and extending verticallydownward therefrom, a plurality of vertically spaced horizontallyextending spacing members engaging said collecting electrode rods ortubes at diiferent levels and provided with perforations through whichsaid rods or tubes loosely extend, means independent of said rods ortubes supporting the upper one of said spacing members from saidsupporting bar, and separate means independent of said rods or tubessupporting the lower one of said spacing members from the upper spacingmember.

7. In an electrical precipitator, a plurality of closely spacedvertically extending rods,

said members for and a plurality of sup orting members extendingtransversely '0 said rods at difierent levels distributed throu houtsubstantially the entire height thereo all of said sup- 5 portingmembers engaging said rods in such manner as to restrain transversemovement of said rods 9nd only one of said supporting members engagingsaid rods in such manner as to prevent longitudinal movement thereof, 10said rods passing loosely through the remaining supporting members so asto permit free longitudinal movement thereof with rgespect to saidremaining supporting memers. In testimony whereof I have hereuntosubslcrgbed my name this lth day of January,

CHARLES H. WEISKOPF.

